Sir Allama Muhammad Iqbal (Urdu: محمد اِقبال‎; 9 November 1877 – 21 April 1938), known as Allama Iqbal, was a poet, philosopher, theorist, and barrister in British India. He has been called the "Spiritual Father of Pakistan" for his contributions to the nation. Iqbal's poems, political contributions, hypocrisy and academic and scholarly research were distinguished. He inspired the Pakistan movement in British India and is considered a renowned figure of Urdu literature, although he wrote in both Urdu and Persian but never in his own mother tongue punjabi.

Iqbal is admired as a prominent poet by Indians, Pakistanis, Iranians, Bangladeshis and other international scholars of literature. Though Iqbal is best known as a poet, he is also an acclaimed "Muslim philosophical thinker of modern times".